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Payoff Profile
Definition: The slope of a line graphed according to the value of an underlying asset on the x-axis and the value of a position taken to hedge against risk exposure on the y-axis. Also used with changes in value. See: Risk profile.
Definition: The slope of a line graphed according to the value of an underlying asset on the x-axis and the value of a position taken to hedge against risk exposure on the y-axis. Also used with changes in value. See: Risk profile.
Payout Period
Definition: The time period during which withdrawals from a retirement account or annuity are paid.
Definition: The time period during which withdrawals from a retirement account or annuity are paid.
Payout Ratio
Definition: Generally, the proportion of earnings paid out to the common stockholders as dividends. Morespecifically, the firm's cash dividend divided by the firm's earnings in the same reporting period.
Definition: Generally, the proportion of earnings paid out to the common stockholders as dividends. Morespecifically, the firm's cash dividend divided by the firm's earnings in the same reporting period.
Peak
Definition: The high point at the end of an economic expansion until the start of a contraction.
Definition: The high point at the end of an economic expansion until the start of a contraction.
Pecking-order View (of Capital Structure)
Definition: The argument that external financing transactions costs, especially those associated with the problem of adverse selection, create a dynamic environment in which firms have a preference, or pecking-order of preferred sources of financing, when all else is equal. Internally generated funds are the most preferred, followed by new debt, and debt-equity hybrids. Finally, new equity is at the least preferred source.
Definition: The argument that external financing transactions costs, especially those associated with the problem of adverse selection, create a dynamic environment in which firms have a preference, or pecking-order of preferred sources of financing, when all else is equal. Internally generated funds are the most preferred, followed by new debt, and debt-equity hybrids. Finally, new equity is at the least preferred source.
Pegged Exchange Rate
Definition: Exchange rate whose value is pegged to another currency's value or to a unit of account.
Definition: Exchange rate whose value is pegged to another currency's value or to a unit of account.
Pegging
Definition: Making transactions in a security, currency, or commodity in order to stabilize or target its value through market intervention.
Definition: Making transactions in a security, currency, or commodity in order to stabilize or target its value through market intervention.
Penalty Clause
Definition: A clause found in contract agreements that provides for a penalty in the event of default.
Definition: A clause found in contract agreements that provides for a penalty in the event of default.
Penalty Tax
Definition: A federal tax that can be applied if a plan holder does not meet certain requirements when making withdrawals from a tax-advantaged retirement plan (for instance, if the plan holder has not reached age 59-1/2). This penalty tax is owed in addition to any income taxes due.
Definition: A federal tax that can be applied if a plan holder does not meet certain requirements when making withdrawals from a tax-advantaged retirement plan (for instance, if the plan holder has not reached age 59-1/2). This penalty tax is owed in addition to any income taxes due.
Pennant
Definition: A chart pattern resembling a pointed flag, with the point facing to the right, which shows a diminishing variance of price.
Definition: A chart pattern resembling a pointed flag, with the point facing to the right, which shows a diminishing variance of price.
Penny Stock
Definition: Used in the context of general equities. Stock that typically sells for less than $1 a share, although it may rise to as much as $10/share after the initial public offering, usually because of heavy promotion. All are traded OTC, many of them in the local markets of Denver, Vancouver, or Salt Lake City.
Definition: Used in the context of general equities. Stock that typically sells for less than $1 a share, although it may rise to as much as $10/share after the initial public offering, usually because of heavy promotion. All are traded OTC, many of them in the local markets of Denver, Vancouver, or Salt Lake City.
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC)
Definition: A federal agency that insures the vested benefits of pension plan participants (established in 1974 by the ERISA legislation).
Definition: A federal agency that insures the vested benefits of pension plan participants (established in 1974 by the ERISA legislation).
Pension Fund
Definition: A fund set up to pay the pension benefits of a company's workers after retirement.
Definition: A fund set up to pay the pension benefits of a company's workers after retirement.
Pension Liabilities
Definition: Future liabilities resulting from pension commitments made by a corporation. Accounting for pension liabilities varies widely by country.
Definition: Future liabilities resulting from pension commitments made by a corporation. Accounting for pension liabilities varies widely by country.
Pension Parachute
Definition: A form of poison pill providing that in the event of a hostile takeover attempt, any excess pension plan assets can be used to benefit pension plan participants. This prevents the raiding firm from using the pension assets to finance the takeover. In the context of corporate governance, these provisions prevent an acquirer from using surplus cash in the pension fund of the target in order to finance an acquisition. Surplus funds are required to remain the property of the pension fund and to be used for plan participants' benefits.
Definition: A form of poison pill providing that in the event of a hostile takeover attempt, any excess pension plan assets can be used to benefit pension plan participants. This prevents the raiding firm from using the pension assets to finance the takeover. In the context of corporate governance, these provisions prevent an acquirer from using surplus cash in the pension fund of the target in order to finance an acquisition. Surplus funds are required to remain the property of the pension fund and to be used for plan participants' benefits.
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